Simulation of a 15-Story Office Building with Graphenano Concrete Additives: Absolutely Impressive

Initial Project Data:
- Building area: 20,000 square meters (15 stories)
- Volume of conventional concrete used: Approximately 15,000 cubic meters
- Amount of reinforcing steel: Approximately 1,200 tons of steel (with an average of 80 kg per cubic meter of concrete)

Comparison of Savings Using Graphenano Additives:

Simulation of a 15-Story Office Building with Graphenano Concrete Additives: Absolutely Impressive
Initial Project Data:
- Building area: 20,000 square meters (15 stories)
- Volume of conventional concrete used: Approximately 15,000 cubic meters
- Amount of reinforcing steel: Approximately 1,200 tons of steel (with an average of 80 kg per cubic meter of concrete)

Comparison of Savings Using Graphenano Additives:
1. Cement Savings
- Reduction in Cement by 8 to 15 percent
- Consider an average reduction of 10 percent in the amount of cement required.
- For a project with 15,000 cubic meters of concrete, and considering that one cubic meter of H35 concrete contains approximately 350 kg of cement, the required amount of cement would be:
- Cement without additives: 15,000 cubic meters times 350 kg per cubic meter equals 5,250,000 kg (5,250 tons)
- Cement with Graphenano additives (10 percent less): 5,250 tons times (1 minus 0.10) equals 4,725 tons
- Savings in cement: 525 tons of cement
- Economic Savings: Assuming an average price of 120 euros per ton of cement, the savings would be:
- 525 tons times 120 euros per ton equals 63,000 euros

2. Savings in Reinforcing Steel
- Reduction in Cross-Sections and Steel Use
- Due to the increased strength of the concrete improved with Graphenano additives, cross-sections can be reduced, which implies a lower need for reinforcing steel.
- Considering a reduction of 15 percent in the use of reinforcing steel thanks to the higher strength and optimized cross-sections:
- Steel without additives: 1,200 tons
- Steel with Graphenano additives (15 percent less): 1,200 tons times (1 minus 0.15) equals 1,020 tons
- Savings in steel: 180 tons
- Economic Savings: Assuming an average price of 1,500 euros per ton of steel, the savings would be:
- 180 tons times 1,500 euros per ton equals 270,000 euros

3. Increased Durability and Maintenance Cost Reduction
- Increase in Service Life by 50 percent
- The service life of the building constructed with improved concrete extends from 50 years to 75 years.
- Renovation Cost: Suppose a major renovation of the building after 50 years would cost 20 million euros.
- With the use of Graphenano additives, the building will require fewer major interventions during its lifespan. The reduction in renovation frequency can lead to proportional savings:
- Estimated Savings: 10 million euros in avoided renovation costs (by extending the structure's lifespan)

- Detailed Calculation of Maintenance Savings
- Annual Maintenance Cost for a Conventional Building: Approximately 20 euros per square meter per year. This figure is based on estimates and studies from leading Facility Management consultancies, such as JLL (Jones Lang LaSalle) or CBRE, and references from the World Green Building Council. This cost may vary depending on building quality and maintenance policies.
- For a building of 20,000 square meters, the annual maintenance cost would be:
- 20,000 square meters times 20 euros per square meter per year equals 400,000 euros per year
- Conventional Service Life Period: Over 50 years, the accumulated maintenance cost would be:
- 50 years times 400,000 euros per year equals 20 million euros
- Extended Service Life to 75 years: The total maintenance cost for 75 years would be:
- 75 years times 400,000 euros per year equals 30 million euros
- Reduction in Maintenance Costs with Graphenano: Thanks to reduced cracking and increased durability, a reduction of 30 percent in maintenance cost is estimated:
- 30 million euros times (1 minus 0.30) equals 21 million euros
- Total Maintenance Savings:
- 30 million euros (maintenance without improvements) minus 21 million euros (maintenance with Graphenano) equals 9 million euros

4. Summary of Savings
- Savings in Cement: 63,000 euros
- Savings in Steel: 270,000 euros
- Savings in Renovation and Maintenance: 10 million euros (over the building's lifespan)
- Total Savings: 10,333,000 euros

Positive Environmental Impact
- Reduction in CO₂ Emissions: By reducing 525 tons of cement, approximately 420 tons of CO₂ emissions are avoided (considering that cement production generates approximately 0.8 tons of CO₂ per ton of cement).
- Lower Material Consumption: The reduction in steel usage and extended service life also decrease the need for material production and transportation, which has a significant impact on reducing the project's carbon footprint.

Conclusion
Using Graphenano concrete additives in a large-scale project such as a 15-story office building yields significant economic benefits, including direct savings of over 330,000 euros in materials like cement and steel, along with a reduction in renovation and maintenance costs of 10 million euros over the extended lifespan of the structure.
These savings, along with the positive impact on sustainability through reduced CO₂ emissions and lower material consumption, show how Grap